Prisons, Proportionality and Recent Penal History

HIV/AIDS in prisons: recent developments.

In a report released on 20 November 2002, entitled Action on HIV/AIDS in Prisons: Too Little, Too Late--A Report Card, the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network concluded that despite repeated studies and nearly ten years of recommendations for urgent and pragmatic action, the response of Canadian governments to HIV/AIDS, HCV, and injection drug use in prisons remains inadequate. Only a few weeks lat...

ON THE FUZZY SET THEORY AND AGGREGATION FUNCTIONS: HISTORY AND SOME RECENT ADVANCES

Several fuzzy connectives, including those proposed by Lotfi Zadeh, can be seen as linear extensions of the Boolean connectives from the scale ${0,1}$ into the scale $[0,1]$. We discuss these extensions, in particular, we focus on the dualities arising from the Boolean dualities. These dualities allow to transfer the results from some particular class of extended Boolean functions, e.g., from c...

History of Nutrition Nutritional Studies in Victorian Prisons

It was controversy over the feeding of prisoners that forced the British Government by the middle of the 19th century to consider what was already known and what more could be ascertained concerning the nutritional requirements of humans. This appears to be the first time any government had felt it necessary to study such questions. On one side of the controversy were humanitarians who insisted...

Determinants of Penal Policies

Privacy and Proportionality